Araffature of a large city with a train track and a tall building

Contracts Construction contracts define the rights and obligations of involved parties. The construction industry in Pakistan contributes approximately 2.53% to the country's GDP, translating to roughly USD 8 billion . Negligence Negligence involves failing to meet the standard of care expected in similar situations. In 2022, there were over 150 reported negligence cases in the construction industry, an increase of 20% from 2021 . Bonds and Bonding Bonds ensure contractors fulfill contractual obligations. Common types include performance bonds, payment bonds, and bid bonds. The surety bond market in Pakistan is estimated to grow by 12% annually, driven by infrastructure projects such as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) . Guarantees and Sureties These provide third-party assurances to meet contractual obligations. Financial institutions in Pakistan issued over PKR 100 billion in guarantees for construction projects in 2023 . Liens and Security Interests Liens give contractors and subcontractors a legal claim on the property if unpaid. In Punjab, construction liens accounted for 18% of all property liens filed in 2022 . Tendering This is the process of inviting bids for large projects to ensure fair and transparent contractor selection. The Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA) oversees the tendering process, with over 50,000 tenders valued at PKR 3 trillion issued annually . Construction Claims Claims can arise from delays, scope changes, unforeseen site conditions, and other disruptions. The average construction claim in Pakistan was valued at PKR 75 million in 2023, with an increase of 10% in the number of claims filed . Dispute Resolution Disputes in construction projects can be resolved through negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or litigation. The Pakistan Arbitration Council resolved over 200 construction disputes in 2023, with an average resolution time of 18 months . Importance of Construction Law in Pakistan Risk Management Prop

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