Polarization is a fundamental phenomenon in electrostatic devices

Polarization is a fundamental phenomenon in electrostatic devices., where electric charges are distributed unevenly in materials under the influence of an external electric field. Let's analyze how polarization occurs in the parts of the electrostatic motor and the Franklin bell.. ### 1. **Electrostatic motor** #### **parts:** - **Plastic cup with aluminum strips**: - **Polarization**: By bringing a cable connected to the Van de Graaff generator closer, The aluminum strips in the glass become polarized. Polarization induces opposite charges in the parts of the strips closest to the wire and similar charges in those further away.. This imbalance of loads generates a torque, making the glass spin. - **Generador Van de Graaff**: - **Polarization**: The generator charges the aluminum strips with a high voltage, creating a strong electric field that polarizes the strips. Depending on the sign of the generator load, The aluminum strips will become positively or negatively charged at their ends., which causes the interaction with the electric field and the resulting movement. - **Cables connected to the generator**: - **Polarization**: The wires carry positive or negative charge from the generator to the electrostatic motor.. The polarization in these cables is direct, with an excess charge at one end and a deficiency at the other, what influences the aluminum strips in the glass. ### 2. **Franklin Bell** #### **parts:** - **Aluminum cans**: - **Polarization**: The cans become polarized when they are near a charging source such as the mosquito racket.. The charges are distributed so that one side of the can has an excess of positive charge and the other side an excess of negative charge.. This creates an attraction or repulsion that causes the aluminum ball to oscillate between the cans.. - **Hanging aluminum ball**: - **Polarization**: The ball becomes polarized when it approaches the charged cans.. Depending on the polar