Location and Extent: Coastal Zones: In areas near the coast

Location and Extent: Coastal Zones: In areas near the coast, the benthic environment includes sandy bottoms, Rocky, and Muddy. These bottoms are influenced by sunlight, which allows the existence of algae and marine plants. Ocean Depths: In the deepest zones, known as abyssal and hadal zones, the seabed is almost completely dark, with extremely cold temperatures and high pressure. Soil Composition: Sandy and Muddy Bottoms: On the coasts and continental shelves, the bottom can be composed of sand, limo, and Mud, where organisms like worms are found, molluscs, y crabs. Rocky Bottoms: In areas where there are underwater mountains or rocky formations, corals develop, Sponges, and other organisms that attach to rocks. Benthic Marine Life: Sessile Organisms: Many benthic organisms, like Corals, Sponges, and Anemones, are fixed to the ground and depend on ocean currents for nutrients. Motile Fauna: Other Organisms, like starfish, Sea Urchins, crabs, and benthic fish, they move across the bottom in search of food. bioluminiscencia: In the depths, some organisms, like fish and squid, they have the ability to produce light through bioluminescence, which helps them attract prey or communicate. Environmental Conditions: light: In the deepest zones, sunlight does not reach, which forces organisms to adapt to total darkness. In shallower areas, sunlight allows the growth of algae and plants. temperature: Temperatures range from warm in coastal areas to extremely cold in the abyssal depths. pressure: As you descend into the ocean, pressure increases significantly, which affects the structure and survival of organisms.